Research on education, health, employment, demographics, poverty, inequality and social mobility in Pakistan.
Maternal deaths are falling, but a safe birth in Pakistan still depends on where a woman lives and how young she married. What the numbers reveal.
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An ARS Data Brief on who bore the cost of Pakistan's February 2024 decision to end price control on medicines outside the National Essential Medicines List. Medicine prices rose by about 32%, higher prices explained 69% of the growth in pharmacy sales, the gross margin of listed manufacturers rose from 26% of sales in 2023 to 41% in 2025, and patients, who pay more than half of all health spending directly, bore the cost.
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An ARS Data Brief on the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) 2024–25. Adjusted for inflation, average household income in Pakistan fell by about 12% between 2018–19 and 2024–25, the poorest fifth lost about 20%, and per person consumption fell for 13 of 14 staple foods.
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